Dear specialists, only recently I've learnt about "Quartz Event Services" <http://developer.apple.com/documentation/Carbon/Reference/QuartzEventServicesRef/Reference/reference.html> that allow for what was known as jGNEFilters in Classic MacOS. Essentially, this API provides functions to tap and modify lowlevel events--such as keystrokes--before they reach their destination process. There is a nice free demo-app written by Bill Cheeseman out there <http://PreFabSoftware.com/eventtapstestbench/> that may give you a first impression of what can be done by "Quartz Event Services" that have been introduced with MacOS 10.4.x (Tiger). Of course such mechanisms appear dangerous in an otherwise rather hermetic and secure Unix-OS and in fact there have been security issues that Apple had to resolve after their introduction... As some of you may remember, two of my more popular but now legacy FB-Apps ("UmlautXpander" and "ascii2html") use jGNEFilters and therefore don't work under MacOS_X. Consequently, I should like to know about any efforts to make the "Quartz Event Services"-API accessible from FB. Furthermore, I should like to know if somebody succeeded in creating FB daemon apps, i.e. apps without user interface that run in the background such as INITs in Classic MacOS. What I'm specifically interested in is substituting certain keystrokes by short strings of specific chars. "ascii2html" for instance, substitutes the ISO 8859-1 codes for common high-ascii characters (e.g. the copyright sign "©" -> "©") while you are typing in BBEdit. <http://www.gluender.de/Miscellanea/MiscTexts/UtilitiesText.html> Any hints and especially sample code (unable to find even specific C-code yet) are highly appreciated. Best -- Herbie ------------------------ <http://www.gluender.de>